What is cumin?
Cumin is an aromatic spice that has been cultivated for thousands of years. It comes from the small and dried seeds of the Cuminum cyminum plant, a member of the parsley family. Both whole and ground cumin can be found in grocery stores throughout the world. The flavor of cumin is earthy and slightly sweet, adding complexity to dishes like chili con carne, Tex-Mex dishes, barbecue, and Indian curries.
Table of Contents
- What is cumin?
- Cumin history
- Cumin flavor profile
- Health benefits
- Common cumin uses
- Must-read related posts
Cumin history
Cumin has been used for thousands of years, woven into the culture of many countries throughout the world. Originally cultivated in Iran and the Mediterranean region, this spice was first introduced to the Americas by Portuguese and Spanish colonists.
Plants today are typically grown in China, Uzbekistan, Turkey, Iran, Tajikistan, Syria, Morocco, Egypt, Chile, Mexico, and India. Along with caraway and dill, cumin is a member of the parsley family. This spice begins life as a dried seed of the herb Cuminum cyminum before making its way into ethnic cuisines and everyday kitchens all over the world.
For the ancient Greeks, cumin was a staple, kept in its own container at the dining table in much the same way we keep salt and black pepper close at hand today. In Morocco, this tradition continues still.
This particular spice has great significance in a vast array of cultures and societies. In fact, it even has religious significance in addition to the multitude of medicinal qualities it possesses. Cumin has been mentioned in both the Old and New Testaments of the Bible as well as being used both as a spice and as a preservative in mummification in ancient Egyptian civilizations.
Cumin seeds excavated from an archaeological site in Syria have been dated back to the second millennium BC and have also been unearthed from several New Kingdom levels of ancient Egyptian archaeological sites.
While the history of this spice is incredibly vast and far-reaching, India has perhaps more fully embraced this ancient spice than any other nation the world over. Today, India is both the main producer and main consumer of cumin, accounting for about 70% of world production and 63% of total consumption. Considering the estimated 300,000 tons of cumin that are produced each year worldwide, India certainly has a massive stake in this particular spice!
Cumin flavor profile
Cumin has a unique complexity in both aroma and flavor with which few spices can compare. It is earthy and slightly sweet, yet sharp and pungent. Cumin has a warmth to it that’s perfect for comfort foods. These qualities make it a perfect additive to comforting soups and stews, as well as spiced gravies and chilies.
Health benefits
Many herbs and spices have known health benefits, but cumin sits in a class all its own. It’s chock full of vitamins and minerals important for our overall health. Cumin contains high concentrations of thiamine (B₁), riboflavin (B₂), niacin (B₃), vitamin B₆, and vitamin E. It’s also a source of calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc.
Because of the presence of these essential vitamins and nutrients, cumin is part of a healthy diet to help prevent and/or remedy:
- Respiratory disorders
- Asthma
- Bronchitis
- Common cold
- Anemia
- Cardiovascular diseases
- Lactation
- Insomnia
- Skin Disorders
- Cancer
In addition, cumin acts as a natural antioxidant, defending against infections and boosting the immune system. Its iron content alone has massive benefits. Symptoms such as fatigue, anxiety, and cognitive malfunction can all be relieved with the consumption of cumin as a part of a healthy diet.
Cumin is even a gateway to healthier and more beautiful skin. The presence of Vitamin E prevents the appearance of premature aging, giving the skin a healthy and youthful glow. Those who use cumin regularly in food report a significant reduction in the occurrence of boils, rashes, pimples, and a variety of other visible signs of excess toxins within the body. When used topically, cumin poultices can also treat skin troubles, giving relief to bothersome insect bites and painful stings.
Common cumin uses
In the United States, cumin is found both as a ground powder on the spice rack and in pre-packaged taco seasonings. Its distinct and complex flavor does lend itself particularly well to Mexican, Tex-Mex, and Indian cuisine.
But cumin can be used in a wide variety of foods, and most regions of the world have developed traditional dishes utilizing this spice specifically. This globally popular spice is an essential ingredient in South Asian, Latin American, Northern African, and Brazilian cuisines. In fact, some cultures keep cumin powder ever-present on their dinner tables, using it as a seasoning with most meals.
Cumin is found in achiote blends, garam masala, baharat, adobos, sofrito, and curry powders. It can also be used as a dry rub all on its own for barbecue, both for meats and vegetables. Steak, chicken, corn, potatoes, and many more barbecue staples take well to the delicious earthiness of this spice.
Must-read related posts
- Cumin Seeds Vs. Ground Cumin: How do they compare?
- What’s A Good Cumin Substitute? What other options do you have if you’re out of this spice?
- Too Much Cumin: Here’s how to fix your dish if you’ve had a heavy hand.